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Data hub · Closing the Gap · SDGs · UNDRIP

See the connections behind the targets

Closing the Gap targets mapped to UNDRIP articles, the Sustainable Development Goals and the Social Justice Report 2025 recommendations, the latest national progress data, the data sets behind it, and a SQL workbench to mine it.
Snapshot of 31 October 2026 · See live data in the app

Dashboard

National progress on the 19 targets

Productivity Commission assessments (Annual Data Compilation Report, July 2026). Data sets last refreshed 31/10/2026, 6:07:34 am.

1Target met
3On track
5Improving, not on track
2No change
4Worsening
4Cannot be assessed

Select a target to see its baseline, latest value, movement toward the target and linked recommendations.

T1Life expectancy gap, males (females: 9.6 → 8.1 years)Improving, not on track
years · updated 06/03/20242005–07: 11.4 → 2020–22: 8.8 (target 0 by 2031)
+23% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 17 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T2Babies with a healthy birthweightNo change
% · updated 18/03/20262017: 88.8 → 2023: 88.9 (target 91 by 2031)
+5% toward target
Productivity Commission source
T3Year Before Fulltime Schooling enrolmentTarget met
% · updated 29/07/20262016: 61.3 → 2025: 101.7 (target 95 by 2025)
+100% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T4Children on track in all five AEDC domainsWorsening
% · updated 30/07/20252018: 35.2 → 2024: 33.9 (target 55 by 2031)
-7% toward target
Productivity Commission source
T5Year 12 or equivalent, aged 20–24Improving, not on track
% · updated 15/06/20232016: 63.2 → 2021: 68.1 (target 96 by 2031)
+15% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T6Certificate III or above, aged 25–34Improving, not on track
% · updated 15/06/20232016: 42.3 → 2021: 47 (target 70 by 2031)
+17% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T7Youth in employment, education or training, aged 15–24Improving, not on track
% · updated 15/06/20232016: 57.2 → 2021: 58 (target 67 by 2031)
+8% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 5, 8 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T8Employed, aged 25–64On track
% · updated 15/06/20232016: 51 → 2021: 55.7 (target 62 by 2031)
+43% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 6, 22, 23 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T9aLiving in appropriately sized housingImproving, not on track
%— → 2021: 81.4 (target 88 by 2031)Movement toward target: not calculableProductivity Commission source
T9bHouseholds receiving essential servicesCannot be assessed
— → — (target n/a by —)Movement toward target: not calculableProductivity Commission source
T10Adults in prison (age-standardised)Worsening
per 100,000 · updated 18/03/20262019: 1,925.4 → 2025: 2,500.2 (target 1,636.6, derived by 2031)
-100% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 16, 17, 18, 19 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T11Young people aged 10–17 in detentionNo change
per 10,000 · updated 29/07/20262018–19: 28.3 → 2024–25: 25.7 (target 19.8, derived by 2031)
+31% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 16, 18, 19, 20 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T12Children aged 0–17 in out-of-home careWorsening
per 1,000 · updated 29/07/20262019: 47.3 → 2025: 52.2 (target 26, derived by 2031)
-23% toward target
SJR 2025 recommendations: 18 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T13Women 15+ experiencing physical harm or threatsCannot be assessed
% · updated 23/06/20212018–19: 8.4 → — (target 4.2, derived by 2031)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 16 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T14Suicide (age-standardised, six jurisdictions)Worsening
per 100,000 · updated 18/03/20262018: 23.6 → 2024: 33.9 (target n/a by 2031)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 16, 17, 23 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T15aLand subject to rights or interestsOn track
sq km · updated 18/03/2026— → 2025: 4,421,946 (target n/a by 2030)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 3, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T15bSea Country subject to rights or interestsOn track
sq km · updated 18/03/2026— → 2025: 113,496 (target n/a by 2030)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 3, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T16Languages spoken or used (45 strong)Cannot be assessed
number · updated 29/07/2026— → 2025–26: 177 (target n/a by 2031)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 3, 4, 16, 25 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source
T17Internet use in past 3 months, aged 15+Cannot be assessed
% · updated 30/07/20252022–23: 88.3 → 2022–23: 88.3 (target n/a by 2026)Movement toward target: not calculableSJR 2025 recommendations: 2, 8 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission source

Policy matrix

One register. Many connections.

Target recordSDG 1: No povertySDG 2: Zero hungerSDG 3: Good health and well-beingSDG 4: Quality educationSDG 5: Gender equalitySDG 6: Clean water and sanitationSDG 7: Affordable and clean energySDG 8: Decent work and economic growthSDG 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructureSDG 10: Reduced inequalitiesSDG 11: Sustainable cities and communitiesSDG 12: Responsible consumption and productionSDG 13: Climate actionSDG 14: Life below waterSDG 15: Life on landSDG 16: Peace, justice and strong institutionsSDG 17: Partnerships for the goals
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9aT9b
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15aT15b
T16
T17
Records mapped3199132253183211126

Social Justice Report 2025

From recommendations to the evidence

The 25 recommendations of A Fair and Just Future for First Peoples: Social Justice Report 2025 (Australian Human Rights Commission (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner, Katie Kiss)), grouped by the report's Blueprint priority areas and linked to register records, Closing the Gap Priority Reforms and the data sets that track them. Summaries are paraphrased with report page numbers; links are Wathaga's mapping. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (excluding photographs, images, logos, branding and third-party material).

Whole Blueprint · 1 recommendation

The overarching Blueprint for a fair and just future: all laws, policies and practice aligned with it.

Rec 1Align all government action with the BlueprintAll records
structural reform · report p. 33

Every Australian government makes its laws, policies and practices consistent with the report's Blueprint for a fair and just future.

All 19 register recordsPR3
Why linked: Applies to every outcome area; Art. 38 (states take legislative and other measures).Evidence: all target data sets

Increasing First Peoples participation · 5 recommendations

Representative structures, agreement-making and truth-telling that give First Peoples a full say in decisions.

Rec 2National representative mechanism1 record
structural reform · report p. 34

Co-design an independent national representative body on the Paris Principles model, with secure funding from a 'future fund' style endowment.

R17PR1
Why linked: Participation in decisions (register 17); Arts. 18–19 (participation and consultation).Evidence: Digital inclusion (T17)
Rec 3Makarrata Commission for truth-telling and agreement-making3 records
structural reform · report p. 34

Establish a Makarrata Commission empowered to run national truth-telling and design a national agreement-making process.

R15R16R18PR1
Why linked: Agreements over land and culture (15, 16) and truth-telling against racism (18); Arts. 28, 37, 40 (redress, treaties, remedies).Evidence: Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15), Culture and languages (T16)
Rec 4Public education alongside truth-telling2 records
enabling reform · report p. 34

Fund public awareness and education, run alongside truth-telling, on First Peoples' rights and the continuing effects of colonisation.

R16R18PR3
Why linked: Reducing racism (18) and respect for culture (16); Art. 15 (education that combats prejudice).Evidence: Culture and languages (T16)
Rec 5Culturally safe, Indigenous-designed schooling4 records
sectoral reform · report p. 34

Embed Indigenous-designed, culturally safe and personalised learning; resource community-controlled education bodies and Indigenous-led schools; end disproportionate suspension and expulsion.

R3R5R6R7PR2PR3
Why linked: Early learning, school, further education and youth engagement outcomes (3, 5, 6, 7); Art. 14 (education in culture and language).Evidence: Early childhood education (T3), Learning potential (T5), Further education pathways (T6), Youth engagement (T7)
Rec 6Stolen wages reparation schemes1 record
sectoral reform · report p. 34

States and territories without a stolen wages reparation scheme set one up urgently.

R8PR3
Why linked: Economic participation and redress (8); Art. 17 (labour rights) and Art. 40 (remedies).Evidence: Economic participation (T8)

Promoting the full enjoyment of rights · 2 recommendations

Enforceable protections: a National Human Rights Framework and Human Rights Act, UNDRIP implementation and the National Anti-Racism Framework.

Rec 7Human Rights Act and UNDRIP implementation planAll records
structural reform · report p. 34

Implement this term the Free and Equal final report, the PJCHR human rights framework inquiry and the JSCATSIA UNDRIP inquiry, including a national Human Rights Act, a human rights education plan and a national UNDRIP plan.

All 19 register recordsPR3
Why linked: Enforceable rights underpin every outcome; Arts. 38 and 42 (state measures and promotion).Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 8Fund participation in human rights forums2 records
enabling reform · report p. 34

Support self-determined First Peoples participation in domestic and international human rights forums, fund the Indigenous Human Rights Network, and train young advocates.

R7R17PR1
Why linked: Informed participation (17) and youth leadership (7); Arts. 41–42 (UN system participation).Evidence: Youth engagement (T7), Digital inclusion (T17)

Fostering systemic integrity and accountability · 7 recommendations

Systems redesigned to prevent harm: independent oversight, Indigenous data sovereignty, fiscal accountability and compliance.

Rec 9Commissioner observer status in Closing the GapAll records
enabling reform · report p. 35

Give the Social Justice Commissioner formal observer status in Closing the Gap partnership structures.

All 19 register recordsPR1PR3
Why linked: Independent scrutiny of the whole National Agreement.Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 10Needs-based, long-term funding for ACCOsAll records
enabling reform · report p. 35

Co-design a national framework for Indigenous services expenditure, replacing short-term grants with needs-based, direct, long-term funding for community-controlled organisations, including monitoring and evaluation capacity.

All 19 register recordsPR2
Why linked: Community-controlled services deliver across every outcome; Art. 39 (access to financial assistance). Includes M&E capacity.Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 11Independent audits of Indigenous expenditureAll records
enabling reform · report p. 35

Run transparent, independent financial and performance audits of Indigenous-specific and mainstream spending against Closing the Gap commitments and community priorities.

All 19 register recordsPR3
Why linked: Spending accountability across all targets.Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 12Binding data agreements with Indigenous data sovereigntyAll records
enabling reform · report p. 35

Put binding data-sharing and governance agreements in place across governments that uphold Indigenous data sovereignty, with accountability measures designed and agreed by communities.

All 19 register recordsPR4
Why linked: Governs the data behind every target; Art. 31 (control of knowledge) and Priority Reform 4.Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 13UNDRIP test in Cabinet and Parliamentary handbooksAll records
structural reform · report p. 35

Require every legislative, policy and program proposal to show alignment with human rights obligations to First Peoples, including UNDRIP.

All 19 register recordsPR3
Why linked: Applies to all proposals; Art. 19 (consultation before legislative measures).Evidence: all target data sets
Rec 14Adopt the National Anti-Racism Framework1 record
enabling reform · report p. 35

The Australian Government accepts and implements the National Anti-Racism Framework.

R18PR3
Why linked: Racism and discrimination (18); Art. 2 (non-discrimination); Priority Reform 3 includes eliminating institutional racism.No PC data set yet (register records 18–19 are Kowa additions)
Rec 15Rights-based performance conditions in funding to statesAll records
enabling reform · report p. 35

Build rights-based performance requirements into Commonwealth funding agreements with states and territories, measured against UNDRIP, the Priority Reforms and the socio-economic targets, with independent monitoring (National Agreement clause 67).

All 19 register recordsPR1PR2PR3PR4
Why linked: Performance against every target and all four Priority Reforms.Evidence: all target data sets

Rebuilding the village · 1 recommendation

Sustained investment in culture, good governance, just laws, respectful relationships and healing.

Rec 16Long-term funding for community-led rebuilding6 records
sectoral reform · report p. 35

Fund, long term, community-led work that rebuilds strong communities: cultural authority and nation-building, restorative justice and peacemaking, language revival, cultural camps and healing, and intergenerational learning on Country.

R10R11R13R14R15R16PR2
Why linked: Culture and language (16), Country (15), healing (14) and restorative justice and peacemaking (10, 11, 13); Art. 34 (customs and juridical systems).Evidence: Adult justice (T10), Youth justice (T11), Family safety (T13), Social and emotional wellbeing (T14), Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15), Culture and languages (T16)

Assuring access to justice · 9 recommendations

Preventing harm in child protection, youth and criminal legal systems, culturally safe services, accountability for deaths in custody, and land justice.

Rec 17Medicare and PBS for people in custody3 records
sectoral reform · report p. 36

Give people in custody access to Medicare and PBS-subsidised medicines.

R1R10R14PR3
Why linked: Health (1) and wellbeing (14) of people in adult custody (10); Art. 24 (health).Evidence: Healthy lives (T1), Adult justice (T10), Social and emotional wellbeing (T14)
Rec 18National child safety and youth justice standards3 records
sectoral reform · report p. 36

National leadership on detention standards: full OPCAT implementation with enforceable standards; Help Way Earlier! reforms including a minimum age of criminal responsibility of 14, no solitary confinement of children and national monitoring of child detention; needs-based funding for ACCO prevention and early intervention; and independent oversight of RCIADIC and Closing the Gap compliance.

R10R11R12PR2PR3
Why linked: Youth (11) and adult (10) justice and child safety (12); Art. 7 (integrity, no violence against children) and Art. 22(2).Evidence: Adult justice (T10), Youth justice (T11), Child protection (T12)
Rec 19ALRC inquiry into deaths in custody investigations2 records
sectoral reform · report p. 36

Refer to the ALRC an inquiry into police and coronial investigations of Indigenous deaths and critical incidents in custody: international best practice, national minimum standards, law reform, a national investigative mechanism and independent complaints for families.

R10R11PR3
Why linked: Adult and youth custody (10, 11); Art. 7 (life and integrity) and Art. 40 (remedies).Evidence: Adult justice (T10), Youth justice (T11)
Rec 20Youth Justice Media Code of Practice2 records
enabling reform · report p. 37

The Communications Minister works with First Nations Media Australia, ACMA, the Press Council, MEAA and the eSafety Commissioner on a Youth Justice Media Code of Practice and mandatory training for journalists.

R11R18PR3
Why linked: Youth justice (11) and racism in reporting (18); Art. 16 (media) and Art. 15(2) (combat prejudice).Evidence: Youth justice (T11)
Rec 21Native Title Act reform1 record
structural reform · report p. 37

Amend the Native Title Act to meet human rights obligations: a presumption of continuity, shifting the burden of proof to respondents, disregarding historical extinguishment in marine parks, counting off-footprint and water impacts of future acts, and stronger procedural rights.

R15PR3
Why linked: Land and waters (15); Arts. 25–28 (lands, territories, resources, redress).Evidence: Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15)
Rec 22Ratify ILO Convention 1692 records
structural reform · report p. 37

Ratify the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169).

R8R15PR3
Why linked: ILO 169 covers land rights (15) and employment conditions (8).Evidence: Economic participation (T8), Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15)
Rec 23Fund Prescribed Bodies Corporate in perpetuity3 records
enabling reform · report p. 37

Support PBCs through an independent operating fund guaranteed in perpetuity, and resource their community healing and empowerment roles.

R8R14R15PR2
Why linked: Native title holders (15), their economic base (8) and healing (14); Art. 39 (financial assistance).Evidence: Economic participation (T8), Social and emotional wellbeing (T14), Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15)
Rec 24First Peoples advisory group on native title reform1 record
enabling reform · report p. 37

Establish and resource a First Peoples advisory group to guide reform of the Native Title Act and related laws, and its implementation.

R15PR1
Why linked: Land and waters (15); Arts. 18–19 and 27 (participation in land processes).Evidence: Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15)
Rec 25Stronger cultural heritage protection2 records
structural reform · report p. 37

Set national minimum heritage standards in federal heritage and environment law (self-determination over what is significant, FPIC with appeal rights, no gag clauses, real penalties) and commission a national mapping and truth-telling project on damaged or destroyed heritage.

R15R16PR1PR3
Why linked: Country (15) and culture (16); Arts. 11–12, 31 (heritage) and 32(2) (FPIC).Evidence: Land and waters (15a, 15b) (T15), Culture and languages (T16)

Data sets

Trace the evidence

These files are ingested on a schedule into the analytics database. Query them in the SQL workbench.

T1Healthy livesCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 17 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:01 am
T2Healthy birthweightCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:02 am
T3Early childhood educationCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:51 am
T4Early years developmentCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:03 am
T5Learning potentialCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:03 am
T6Further education pathwaysCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 5 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:52 am
T7Youth engagementCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 5, 8 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:04 am
T8Economic participationCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 6, 22, 23 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:53 am
T9Housing (9a, 9b)CSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:55 am
T10Adult justiceCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 16, 17, 18, 19 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:56 am
T11Youth justiceCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 16, 18, 19, 20 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:57 am
T12Child protectionCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 18 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:57 am
T13Family safetyCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 16 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:42:04 am
T14Social and emotional wellbeingCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 16, 17, 23 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:58 am
T15Land and waters (15a, 15b)CSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 3, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:58 am
T16Culture and languagesCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 3, 4, 16, 25 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:59 am
T17Digital inclusionCSV · XLSX
Download CSVDownload XLSXEvidence for SJR 2025 recs 2, 8 + 8 cross-cuttingProductivity Commission, July 2026 · checked 31/10/2026, 12:41:59 am
Download the data

Sources & further reading

Closing the Gap Annual Data Compilation Report, July 2026Productivity Commission

Latest national assessments and the full report (PDF and DOCX).

Closing the Gap Information Repository – dashboardProductivity Commission

Per-target progress, jurisdiction breakdowns and Priority Reform indicators.

Closing the Gap targets and outcomesAustralian Government – Closing the Gap

Official outcome and target wording.

National Agreement on Closing the GapAustralian Government – Closing the Gap

Priority Reforms, implementation plans and accountability.

Commonwealth Closing the Gap 2025 Annual Report and 2026 Implementation PlanNational Indigenous Australians Agency

Commonwealth policy and program commitments.

Priority Reforms RoadmapNational Indigenous Australians Agency

Government transformation, partnership and shared accountability.

A Fair and Just Future for First Peoples: Social Justice Report 2025Australian Human Rights Commission

Blueprint for a fair and just future and 25 recommendations, linked in the policy matrix (CC BY 4.0).

UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous PeoplesUnited Nations

Primary text for the articles in the matrix.

The 17 Sustainable Development GoalsUN DESA

Goal descriptions, targets and indicators.

Indigenous Procurement PolicyNIAA

Procurement and Indigenous business participation.

National Native Title TribunalNNTT

Native title registers and land and sea rights.

First Languages AustraliaFirst Languages Australia

Language organisations and community language priorities.

SNAICC – National Voice for our ChildrenSNAICC

Child and family sector and Child Placement Principle.

NACCHONACCHO

Community controlled health sector and policy.

Gayaa Dhuwi (Proud Spirit) AustraliaGayaa Dhuwi

Social and emotional wellbeing and suicide prevention leadership.

Indigenous policy knowledge base

Sixty local policy issues with evidence from the Social Justice Report 2025 and the Closing the Gap data, over 200 practical solutions by who leads and when, and how Australia compares with Canada, New Zealand, Brazil, Bolivia and South Africa on the SDGs and UNDRIP.

Open the knowledge base

Map Country, industry and hazards

Native title determinations, claims and ILUAs with mines, reported emissions, data centres, tree clearing, natural disasters and recorded violence, all pulled live from the agencies that publish them.

Open the Australia map

See rights around the world

Map the Human Rights Index and its sub-indices, women's and LGBT+ rights, food, health and education for every country since 1990, and compare Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Brazil, Bolivia and South Africa against the world's best.

Open the global map

Mine the data with SQL

Query the register, progress data, every ingested observation and your organisation's live files with read-only SQL. Results refresh in real time.

Open the SQL workbench in the app

Indigenous business · ASIC and ORIC

A $16 billion First Nations economy

Indigenous businesses and corporations are a large and growing part of Australia's economy. They employ tens of thousands of people, many of them Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, and keep wealth working in community. This is what the latest whole-of-sector study counted, and where the money sits.

13,693Indigenous businesses and corporations trading in 2021-22
$16.1bncombined revenue (turnover reported to the ATO)
116,795employees, with $4.20bn paid in wages
34%of the 135,733 people employed in 2022 are Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (46,718)

Source: University of Melbourne, Snapshot Study 3.1 (2021-22 data) and 4.0 (employees, 2022).

Where the businesses are registered

Most Indigenous businesses are small sole traders and partnerships. The biggest share of revenue comes from registered companies, which are mostly incorporated with ASIC. ORIC corporations, often community-controlled and running services on Country, sit in between.

Indigenous businesses by type, 2021-22: number, revenue, wages and employees
TypeBusinessesRevenueEmployees
Registered businesses (mostly ASIC companies)On Indigenous business registries such as Supply Nation, NIAA and state chambers. Includes 282 ORIC corporations also on those registries.4,359$11.8bn80,875
ORIC corporationsAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander corporations on the ORIC register only, with an ABN that could be linked to tax data.911$2.57bn27,654
Sole traders and partnershipsSelf-identified Indigenous businesses on no registry (5,377 sole traders, 3,046 partnerships).8,423$1.70bn8,266

Source: University of Melbourne Snapshot Study 3.1, 2021-22.

ORIC: corporations governed by community

3,361Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander corporations registered with ORIC at 31 December 2025
  • 291 are registered native title bodies corporate, holding native title for their communities
  • 1,386 are also registered charities
  • The 911 ORIC-only corporations that could be linked to tax data turned over $2.57bn and employed 27,654 people in 2021-22

Sources: Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Corporations (ORIC) State of the sector (Dec 2025); University of Melbourne Snapshot 3.1.

Buying from Indigenous business

$13.5bn+Commonwealth contracts to Indigenous businesses since 2015 (Indigenous Procurement Policy)86,000+ contracts to 4,700+ businesses, as at February 2026 · National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA)
$1.6bnCommonwealth contracts in 2024-2513,144 new contracts to 1,200+ businesses · National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA)
$5.83bnSpent with Indigenous businesses by Supply Nation members, 2024-25up $1.23bn on the year before; 6,400+ verified businesses (July 2026) · Supply Nation
About these figures
  • ASIC does not record whether a company is Indigenous-owned. “Registered businesses” are those on Indigenous business registries (Supply Nation, NIAA and state chambers), which the researchers note are mostly ASIC-registered companies. 282 ORIC corporations that are also on those registries are counted there.
  • ORIC revenue covers only corporations with an ABN that could be linked to tax data, so it understates the whole ORIC sector. Revenue is turnover reported to the ATO, not profit.
  • The sector figures are for 2021-22, the latest year of tax data studied. ORIC's count of corporations changes month to month, so it is shown with its date.
  • Procurement figures are contract values (cumulative for the Commonwealth policy), not business revenue, and overlap with the sector totals.

Indigenous Business and Corporation Snapshot Study 3.1 (University of Melbourne, Dilin Duwa Centre (Indigenous Business Research Group), 2024)Indigenous Business and Corporation Snapshot Study 4.0 (University of Melbourne, Dilin Duwa Centre, 2025)State of the sector, July–December 2025 (revised May 2026) (Office of the Registrar of Indigenous Corporations (ORIC))Indigenous Procurement Policy (National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA))Media statement: extension of contract to manage Indigenous Business Direct (14 July 2026) (Supply Nation)